Located on the steep slopes of the Altındere Valley National Park in Maçka district of Trabzon, the Sümela Monastery represents much more than just a religious structure. Dedicated to the Virgin Mary, this monastery stands as a monument of faith that has been standing since the 4th century and witnessed many civilizations throughout its history.
Legends Surrounding the Foundation of the Monastery
While there is no definitive date for the establishment of the Sümela Monastery, it is widely believed that it was built in the 4th century by two Athenian monks, Barnabas and Sophronius. According to legend, the monks saw the Virgin Mary in a dream, residing in a cave on a mountainside. Inspired by this dream, they decided to build the Sümela Monastery.
Architectural Features
The monastery, built on a steep cliff, is in perfect harmony with nature. It consists of various structures, including a rock-cut church decorated with frescoes, chapels, a kitchen, student rooms, a guesthouse, and a library. The most striking feature of the monastery is the three-story main church carved into the rock. The church also houses an icon believed to belong to the Virgin Mary.
Sümela Monastery in the Historical Process
The Sümela Monastery has witnessed many historical events throughout its existence. It served as an important religious center during the Byzantine and Ottoman Empires. With the population exchange of 1923, the monastery was abandoned and eventually turned into ruins. Restoration efforts initiated in the 1930s made it possible to reopen the monastery to visitors.
Sümela Monastery Today
The Sümela Monastery is included in the UNESCO World Heritage Tentative List and is visited by millions of tourists every year. The monastery fascinates visitors not only with its historical and religious significance but also with its unique natural landscape.
Visiting the Sümela Monastery
You can reach the Sümela Monastery by taking buses from Trabzon or by private vehicle. There is an entrance fee to enter the Altındere Valley National Park, where the monastery is located. To reach the monastery, you need to climb a 400-step path.
Things to Consider Before Visiting the Sümela Monastery
- The monastery is open to visitors every day. Visiting hours may vary depending on the season.
- There is an entrance fee to enter the monastery.
- To reach the monastery, you need to climb a 400-step path. It is recommended to wear comfortable shoes and bring water with you.
- The weather in the area where the monastery is located can be changeable. It is useful to have a jacket or cardigan with you.
- Taking photos in the monastery is allowed.
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